E-ISSN:2456-3110

Case Report

Diabetic Ulcer

Animal Sex Dog Women Flv Updated May 2026

2022 Volume 7 Number 9 October
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

To evaluate the role of Lakshadi Avachoornana in the management of Dushta Vrana with special reference to Diabetic Ulcer: A Case Study

C Nair S.1*, M Sweta K.2
DOI:

1* Swathi C Nair, Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Shalya Tantra, Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

2 K M Sweta, Professor & HOD, Dept. of Shalya Tantra, Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

The global prevalence of diabetics is estimated to increase from 4.0% in 1995 to 5.5% by the year 2025. The chances of secondary infection are more in diabetics as the immunity of the patients is compromised and needs prolonged hospitalization, psychological and social problem for the patients and family. In Madhumehi the vessels of lower limb become weak and is unable to expel the Doshas (along with other Dushyas) leading to Prameha Pidakas more in lower extremities, which eventually burst open precipitating an ulcer. Avachoornana is one among the Shashti Upakrama, explained by Acharya Sushrutha for management of Vrana. Numerous studies are done in the management of Dushta Vrana with the internal medication and external therapies. Here a preliminary attempt to study the effect of Avachoornana with Lakshadi Choorna in the management of the same was taken for the study.

Keywords: Dushta Vrana, Avachoornana, Diabetic Ulcer, Lakshadi Choorna

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Swathi C Nair, Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Shalya Tantra, Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Email: animal sex dog women flv updated
Swathi C Nair, K M Sweta, To evaluate the role of Lakshadi Avachoornana in the management of Dushta Vrana with special reference to Diabetic Ulcer: A Case Study. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2022;7(9):196-205.
Available From
https://www.jaims.in/jaims/article/view/2093
animal sex dog women flv updated

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2022-08-29 2022-08-31 2022-09-07 2022-09-14 2022-09-21
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
Nil Nil Yes 16%

animal sex dog women flv updatedanimal sex dog women flv updated © 2022by Swathi C Nair, K M Swetaand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

Animal Sex Dog Women Flv Updated May 2026

These storylines not only entertain but also reflect on the human condition, emphasizing the importance of empathy, loyalty, and love in relationships. They suggest that the capacity to love and care for a pet can be an indicator of one's ability to engage in deep, meaningful relationships with others.

In the vast tapestry of storytelling, the relationship between a woman and her dog is often dismissed as a quaint subplot—a symbol of companionship before the “real” romance begins. However, a deeper examination of literature and film reveals that the canine figure is not merely a prop but a potent narrative engine. For female characters, the dog often serves as a mirror, a mediator, and ultimately a catalyst for romantic truth. By analyzing the dynamics of woman-dog relationships within romantic storylines, we uncover a recurring theme: the dog is the keeper of the woman’s authentic self, and the hero’s relationship with that dog becomes the ultimate test of his worthiness.

Historically, the archetype of the "woman and her dog" in romance subverts the traditional fairy-tale trope of the damsel in distress. Unlike the passive princess waiting for a prince, the female protagonist with a dog is often coded as independent, grounded, and emotionally intelligent. The dog represents a pre-existing, unconditional love that the romantic interest must respect, not replace. In films like Must Love Dogs (2005), the very premise dictates that canine compatibility is a non-negotiable prerequisite for romance. The dog acts as a gatekeeper; the woman’s love for her pet is a litmus test for a potential partner’s empathy, patience, and capacity for nurturing. A man who is kind to the dog is granted access to her heart; a man who is indifferent or hostile is immediately exiled from the narrative.

This dynamic functions on two levels of emotional transference. First, the dog externalizes the woman’s vulnerability. A large, protective breed (like a German Shepherd in a thriller-romance) might represent her need for safety, while a small, anxious rescue dog might symbolize her own past trauma. When a romantic hero bonds with this animal, he is symbolically bonding with the wounded or guarded parts of the woman herself. Consider the classic Lassie narratives or the more contemporary A Dog’s Purpose: while not strictly romantic, these stories show that a man’s willingness to search for a lost dog directly parallels his willingness to fight for the woman’s soul. The dog becomes a shared mission, transforming a simple courtship into a partnership of mutual care.

Conversely, the absence or loss of a dog within a romantic storyline creates a powerful vacuum that love must fill. In the tear-jerking subgenre of "dog romance" (e.g., Marley & Me), the dog is often the third point in a love triangle—not a rival, but a witness. The couple raises the dog from puppyhood to old age, and the animal’s lifecycle mirrors the maturation of their relationship. When the dog dies, the couple faces their first true test of grief. Here, the dog is the crucible of commitment. The woman’s relationship with the dog teaches her about the inevitability of loss, which paradoxically opens her heart to the risk of romantic love. She learns that love is not about permanence but about showing up through sickness, chaos, and decay.

Yet, a more cynical literary tradition warns of the dog as a substitute for romance. The archetypal "spinster with her lapdog" has evolved into the modern trope of the "crazy dog lady"—a woman whose emotional needs are so wholly satisfied by her canine that no human man can compete. Romantic storylines that subvert this trope are often the most compelling. In these narratives, the woman insists she does not need a man because she has her dog, but the story proves otherwise. The dog, in a moment of narrative genius, usually forces the two humans together—a runaway leash, a sudden illness, a protective bark at a shady stranger. The dog becomes the unwitting matchmaker, revealing that the woman’s independence was not a wall but a waiting room.

Ultimately, the animal dog in women’s romantic storylines serves as a barometer for emotional authenticity. We distrust the male lead who tries to buy the dog’s affection with treats; we trust the one who sits on the floor to earn its trust. The dog removes the artifice of dating. Humans can lie to each other, but a dog’s reaction is pure, unvarnished truth. When a woman’s dog—that creature of instinct and loyalty—chooses a man, the audience accepts the union not because of a grand gesture or a sweeping kiss, but because of a tail wag. In this way, the dog is not just a pet; it is the most honest critic of romance, ensuring that the woman’s love is earned, not just pursued. And in a genre often accused of fantasy, that canine seal of approval is the most realistic happily-ever-after of all.

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Title: "Tails of Love"

Introduction

In the quaint town of Willow Creek, an extraordinary animal shelter stood out among the rest. "Paws & Effect" was more than just a place to adopt pets; it was a haven where animals and humans formed unbreakable bonds. At the heart of this shelter was a remarkable woman named Emma, whose life was about to take an unexpected turn, entwining her fate with that of a loyal canine companion.

The Story

Emma, a passionate animal lover, had always found solace in the company of dogs. Her career as a veterinarian had brought her immense joy, but her personal life lacked the same fulfillment. That was until she met Max, a charming and intelligent golden retriever with a coat as golden as his heart.

Max had been at the shelter for months, watching as family after family passed him by. Despite his friendly demeanor, he seemed destined to remain alone. Emma, however, saw something in Max that no one else did—a deep longing for connection and love. As she spent more time with him, she realized that Max was not just any ordinary dog; he had a unique ability to sense emotions, often providing comfort to those who needed it most.

Their relationship began with a simple walk in the park, but it quickly blossomed into something much more. Emma found herself confiding in Max, sharing her fears, dreams, and desires. Max, in turn, offered her unwavering loyalty and affection. Their days were filled with adventures, from hiking through trails to cuddling on the couch. Emma had never felt such a deep connection with anyone, human or animal, before.

As their bond grew stronger, the residents of Willow Creek began to notice the special relationship between Emma and Max. They would see them on their daily walks, a picture of perfect harmony. People started to talk, and soon, the story of Emma and Max spread throughout the town.

Romantic Storylines & Relationships

Themes

Conclusion

"Tails of Love" is a heartwarming tale that redefines the boundaries of romance and companionship. Through the story of Emma and Max, we are reminded of the profound impact that animals have on our lives and the deep, meaningful relationships that can form between humans and animals. As Emma and Max walk hand in paw into their future, they serve as a beacon of hope and love, proving that in the most unexpected places, we can find our greatest joys.

The relationship between women and is a multifaceted bond that has evolved from functional partnership to deep emotional kinship

. While popular media often portrays this bond through the lens of platonic "unconditional love," scholarly and legal discussions distinguish between healthy emotional attachment and prohibited romantic or sexual storylines. The Emotional Bond: Unconditional Love

For many women, the bond with a dog is a primary source of emotional stability and companionship. Camaraderie and Support:

Women often take on primary caregiving roles for pets, receiving protection, emotional support, and non-judgmental love in return. Comparison to Human Relationships:

Some studies indicate that a significant number of women report higher emotional satisfaction from their relationship with their dog than from their romantic partners or children. Neurobiological Connection:

Interactions like cuddling or mutual gaze trigger the release of oxytocin (the "love hormone") in both the human and the dog, fostering a bond that mirrors parental or sibling attachment. Romantic and Interspecies Storylines

In literature and digital subcultures, the concept of "romantic" storylines between humans and dogs occasionally surfaces, though it remains highly controversial and largely restricted to specific niches. Media Tropes: Mainstream media (e.g., Lady and the Tramp animal sex dog women flv updated

) typically focuses on heroic loyalty or anthropomorphic romance between animals rather than human-animal romance. Digital Communities:

Certain internet communities ("zoo communities") advocate for the recognition of "zoosexuality" as a sexual identity. These groups argue for a non-anthropocentric model of relating, though this view is rejected by mainstream science and law. Legal and Ethical Boundaries

Societal standards and modern laws strictly differentiate between high emotional attachment and "romantic" or sexual acts.

The bond between humans and dogs has been celebrated for millennia, but within modern literature, film, and social discourse, the specific dynamic of women and their canine companions has taken on a unique depth. Often portrayed as more than just "man’s best friend," dogs in women’s lives frequently serve as emotional anchors, catalysts for personal growth, and even central figures in romantic storylines. The Emotional Core: Why the Bond is Unique

For many women, the relationship with a dog is built on a foundation of unconditional support and intuitive empathy. Research into the "oxytocin loop"—the chemical bonding that occurs through eye contact—suggests that the physiological connection between women and dogs can mirror the bond between a parent and child.

In narrative storytelling, this bond is often used to highlight a female protagonist's inner world. A dog provides a safe space for her to be vulnerable, serving as a silent confidant when human relationships become complex or disappointing. Dogs as Romantic Catalysts

In the "Rom-Com" genre, dogs are frequently used as the ultimate "meet-cute" device. Whether it’s tangled leashes in a park or a mishap at a local groomer, dogs act as social icebreakers that bypass the awkwardness of modern dating.

The Vetting Mechanism: In many romantic storylines, a woman’s dog acts as a judge of character. If the potential suitor doesn't "pass the dog test," the romance is often doomed. This trope reinforces the idea that dogs have an instinctual hit-rate for detecting sincerity.

Responsibility and Care: Seeing a partner interact with a dog allows a protagonist to gauge their capacity for empathy and responsibility. A man who is kind to a dog is often framed as a "safe" and nurturing romantic choice. The "Dog Instead of Man" Narrative

A growing subgenre in contemporary fiction and lifestyle essays explores the "Single Woman and her Dog" trope—not as a lonely stereotype, but as a choice of fulfillment. This storyline often subverts traditional expectations of marriage and family, focusing instead on the autonomy and joy found in canine companionship.

In these stories, the dog isn't a placeholder for a human partner; rather, the relationship represents a shift in priorities toward emotional stability and authentic connection over the pressures of traditional dating. Dogs in Heart-Wrenching Storylines

Of course, the inclusion of dogs in romantic or personal narratives often leads to the "tear-jerker" finale. The loss of a pet in a story is frequently used to represent the end of a chapter or a moment of profound transformation for the female lead. It forces a reckoning with grief that often brings human characters closer together, providing a catalyst for emotional breakthroughs. Conclusion

Whether they are playing matchmaker on a city street or providing a shoulder to cry on after a breakup, dogs are indispensable to the "women’s journey" in storytelling. They represent a pure form of love that complements, challenges, and enriches human romantic arcs.

The bond between women and is a unique relationship often depicted in media through themes of deep emotional support, loyalty, and "unconditional love". While dogs may not experience "romantic love" in the human sense, they form intense lifelong attachments based on trust and the release of oxytocin—the same "love chemical" found in humans. The Emotional Bond

Heart Dogs: Many women describe a "Heart Dog" as a once-in-a-lifetime companion that leaves a permanent imprint on the soul.

Healing through Loss: Relationships with dogs often serve as profound teachers of both love and grief, expanding one's capacity for empathy.

Unconditional Presence: Unlike human romantic storylines which often involve conflict or conditions, the dog-owner dynamic is prized for its consistent, non-judgmental nature. Romantic Storylines in Media

In literature and film, dogs frequently act as "romantic catalysts" or emotional anchors for female protagonists:

The Wingman/Matchmaker: A dog is often the reason two human characters meet (e.g., meeting at a dog park or a chance encounter during a walk).

The Emotional Barometer: The dog’s reaction to a new suitor often serves as a plot device to signal whether a potential human partner is trustworthy.

The "Sole Companion" Trope: Storylines sometimes focus on a woman finding fulfillment through her canine relationship after a human heartbreak, highlighting the dog as a primary source of emotional stability. The "Pair Bond" Connection While dogs form social attachments, other animals like

actually form "pair bonds"—long-term, selective relationships that more closely mirror human romantic exclusivity.

What is a Heart Dog? A Heart Dog is not just a beloved pet; it's a once-in-a

The Unconditional Love: Exploring Animal-Dog Women Relationships and Romantic Storylines

As humans, we've always been fascinated by the unique bond between humans and animals. One of the most iconic and heartwarming relationships is between a woman and her dog. This special connection has been a staple in many romantic storylines, captivating audiences with its depth and emotion. In this blog post, we'll dive into the world of animal-dog women relationships and explore the romantic storylines that showcase their love and companionship.

The Unbreakable Bond

The relationship between a woman and her dog is built on trust, loyalty, and unconditional love. Dogs have a way of sensing their owner's emotions, providing comfort and support during difficult times. This empathetic connection is a hallmark of many romantic storylines, where the dog serves as a catalyst for the woman's emotional growth and healing.

In movies like "Marley & Me" and "The Art of Racing in the Rain," the dog's presence is instrumental in helping the female lead navigate life's challenges. These stories showcase the dog's unwavering dedication and love, which ultimately helps the woman find her way to happiness.

Romantic Storylines Featuring Animal-Dog Women Relationships

The Psychology Behind Animal-Dog Women Relationships

Research has shown that women are more likely to form strong emotional bonds with their dogs, which can be attributed to various factors:

Conclusion

The relationship between a woman and her dog is a beautiful and complex one, filled with love, loyalty, and companionship. Romantic storylines featuring animal-dog women relationships have captivated audiences with their emotional depth and authenticity. By exploring these storylines and the psychology behind these relationships, we can gain a deeper understanding of the special bond between women and their dogs.

Whether you're a dog lover or simply a romantic at heart, these stories are sure to tug at your heartstrings and remind you of the transformative power of love and companionship.

The relationship between women and dogs within romantic storylines—whether in literature, film, or real-life narratives—often serves as a multifaceted symbol of loyalty, emotional growth, and a "litmus test" for potential human partners. 1. The Dog as an Emotional Anchor

In many romantic narratives, a dog acts as a woman's primary source of unconditional love before a human romantic interest enters the scene. This dynamic often highlights:

Independence: The dog represents a fulfilled domestic life that doesn't strictly depend on a traditional human partnership.

Emotional Safety: Characters often share their most vulnerable thoughts with their pets, establishing the dog as a "confidant" that human suitors must eventually measure up to. 2. The "Meet-Cute" and Plot Catalyst

Dogs are a classic trope used to bridge the gap between two strangers. In romantic storylines, the "woman with a dog" often encounters a partner through:

Tangeld Leashes: A physical mishap that forces an interaction.

Dog Parks: Establishing a shared interest and a low-pressure environment for conversation.

Lost Pets: Using the search for a dog to create high-stakes emotional bonding between characters. 3. The Litmus Test for Partners

A recurring theme is the dog's reaction to a new romantic interest. This serves several narrative functions:

Character Judgment: If the dog (the ultimate judge of character) dislikes the suitor, the audience is signaled that the suitor is untrustworthy.

Nurturing Skills: How a man treats a woman’s dog is often portrayed as a preview of how he might handle domestic life or future parenting. 4. Competing for Affection

Some storylines lean into the comedy or drama of a "love triangle" where the pet feels displaced by a new human partner. These stories explore:

Jealousy: Humor derived from the dog reclaiming space on the bed or demanding attention during romantic moments.

Integration: The climax of the romance often involves the new partner successfully winning over the dog, symbolizing their full acceptance into the woman's inner circle. 5. Symbols of Healing

In "second chance" romances, a woman may adopt a dog as part of a healing process following a breakup or tragedy. The dog’s journey toward trust often mirrors the woman’s own journey toward opening her heart to a new romantic relationship.

The Unconditional Love: Exploring Animal-Dog Women Relationships and Romantic Storylines

In the realm of human relationships, there's a special bond that exists between women and their canine companions. The connection is built on trust, loyalty, and unconditional love, which often transcends traditional romantic relationships. In this post, we'll delve into the heartwarming world of animal-dog women relationships and romantic storylines that celebrate this unique bond.

The Rise of Canine Companionship

Dogs have long been considered man's best friend, but their role in women's lives is particularly significant. Studies have shown that women are more likely to own dogs than men, and that they often form deeper emotional bonds with their canine companions. This phenomenon can be attributed to the nurturing and caregiving aspects of women's nature, which are perfectly matched by the loyalty and affection of dogs.

Romantic Storylines: Women and Their Faithful Canine Companions

Throughout literature and cinema, we've witnessed numerous romantic storylines that feature women and their loyal dog companions. These narratives not only highlight the depth of their relationships but also showcase the transformative power of love and companionship.

Real-Life Tales of Devotion

Beyond the realm of fiction, there are countless real-life stories of women who have formed extraordinary bonds with their dogs. These tales are a testament to the profound impact that dogs can have on our lives, providing companionship, emotional support, and unconditional love.

Celebrating the Beauty of Animal-Dog Women Relationships

As we explore the world of animal-dog women relationships and romantic storylines, we're reminded of the beauty and complexity of human emotions. These stories showcase the depth of our connections with animals, highlighting the ways in which they can bring joy, comfort, and love into our lives.

Whether you're a dog owner yourself or simply an animal lover, these tales are sure to touch your heart and inspire you to appreciate the special bond between women and their canine companions.

The bond between women and is a unique interspecies relationship rooted in evolutionary biology, profound emotional intimacy, and a rich history of literary and cinematic representation. The Evolutionary and Biological Connection

Scientific research suggests that women played a pivotal role in the co-evolution of humans and dogs.

Hormonal Mirroring: When women and dogs gaze into each other’s eyes, both experience a surge in oxytocin, the same "love hormone" that bonds human mothers and infants.

Selective Advantage: Dogs have evolved specific facial muscles to mimic human-like "puppy dog eyes," triggering caregiving instincts that are particularly pronounced in women, who historically reported higher levels of attachment and caregiving behaviors toward their pets.

Domestic Influence: Anthropological studies indicate that early human societies were more likely to treat dogs as "people"—bringing them into the home and family life—when the dogs had strong relationships with women. Emotional Intimacy and "Substitution"

For many women, the relationship with a dog serves as a primary source of emotional stability that often rivals or exceeds human connections.

It sounds like you are looking for a fictional narrative or creative concept centered around a woman and her dog, likely focused on how that bond influences her romantic life or serves as the emotional core of a story.

While this could refer to a romance novel trope (where a dog brings two people together) or a lifestyle piece about the bond between women and their pets, I have drafted this as a contemporary fiction/romance outline where the dog acts as a "matchmaker" or emotional anchor. Story Title Idea: Paws and Prospects

The PremiseMaya, a reserved freelance architect, finds it easier to talk to her Golden Retriever, Barnaby, than to potential dates. She has a "three-strike" rule: if Barnaby doesn’t like the guy, there isn't a fourth date.

The Romantic ConflictMaya meets Liam, a chaotic but charming landscape designer, when Barnaby literally drags her across a park to steal Liam’s sandwich. While Maya is mortified, Barnaby is instantly smitten. The problem? Liam is a "cat person" who knows nothing about dogs, and Maya has always sworn she’d only end up with a fellow "dog devotee." Key Story Beats

The Meet-Cute: A tangled leash incident at a local coffee shop that leads to a spilled latte and a first conversation.

The Emotional Anchor: A scene where Maya goes through a professional setback, and the quiet, intuitive support from Barnaby gives her the courage to be vulnerable with Liam.

The Turning Point: Liam agrees to "dog-sit" during an emergency, leading to a comedic but touching series of mishaps where he realizes that loving the dog is the key to truly understanding Maya. Themes

Unconditional Love: Comparing the steady, simple loyalty of a pet to the complex, scary nature of human romance.

Trust: Using a pet’s intuition as a metaphor for listening to one’s own "gut" in relationships.

Lifestyle Integration: The modern reality of "pet parenting" and how it shapes who we choose to let into our lives.

Was this the kind of creative draft you were looking for, or were you looking for a non-fiction article about the psychological benefits of the bond between women and their dogs?

To help me refine this, who is the intended audience for this content? These storylines not only entertain but also reflect

While many examples are heterocentric, the "dog as romantic catalyst" works brilliantly in LGBTQ+ storylines as well. In films like Happiest Season or novels like Written in the Stars, the dog often serves as the neutral family member in tense holiday gatherings, or the excuse for an ex to keep showing up.

For queer women, dogs can represent chosen family. In a storyline where a protagonist is rejected by her biological parents for coming out, her dog remains. When she brings a date home, the dog’s acceptance is the first "stamp of approval" in a world where traditional family approval is absent. The dog becomes the quiet witness to the couple’s first "I love you," wagging its tail under the coffee table.

Case Study

It is a case study of a 42-year male patient who presented with the chief complains of ulcer over big toe of right leg since 2 months (K/C/O DM for last 8 years and under medication). He was being treated with oral medications and dressings. Study was done after obtaining an informed consent from the patient. He was treated with the Lakshadi Choorna for dressing daily and Triphala Guggulu 2 BD before food, Amritadi Vati 2 BD after food as internal medication.

Intervention: Lakshadi Choorna was prepared with all aseptic measures, as per the classical reference of Choorna Kalpana. After proper cleaning the drugs, it made into small pieces by chopping. Using pulveriser it was made into fine powder with mesh size of 80 to 120 range. Packing done under aseptic precaution and sterilization done under UV for 20 minutes.

With all aseptic measures ulcer was cleaned with normal saline and Avachoornana was done uniformly over ulcer site. Dressing was done with sterile gauze and pad. Avachoornana was done with the Lakshadi Choorna once daily and observations were done on 7th, 14th, 21st and 40th day of the treatment.

Figure 1: The method of Lakshadi Choorna preparation.

jaims_2093_01.JPGRaw drugs for Lakshadi Avachoornana


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Final product

Figure 2: The method of Lakshadi Avachoornana

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0th Day

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Avachoornanam

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7th Day

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14th Day

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40th Day

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Follow-up

Table 2: Subjective symptoms assessed on 0th, 7th, 14th, 21st, 40th day.

Pain Assessment 0 No Pain 1-3 Mild pain 4-6 Moderate pain 7-10 Severe pain
0th day   +    
7th day   +    
14th day +      
21st day +      
40th day +      
Burning Sensation Grade 0 No burning Grade 1 Mild burning Grade 2 Moderate burning Grade 3 Severe burning
0th day     +  
7th day   +    
14th day   +    
21st day +      
40th day +      

Table 3: Objective symptoms assessed on 0th, 7th, 14th, 21st, 40th day.

Item Assessment 0th day Score 7th day Score 14th day Score 21st day Score 40th day Score
1. Size  1 = Length x width <4 sq. cm 2 = Length x width 4--<16 sq. cm 3 = Length x width 16.1--<36 sq. cm 4 = Length x width 36.1--<80 sq. cm 5 = Length x width >80 sq. cm 3 3 3 3 2
2. Depth  1 = non-blanchable erythema on intact skin 2 = Partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis &/or dermis 3 = Full thickness skin loss involving damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue; may extend down to but not through underlying fascia; &/or mixed partial & full thickness &/or tissue layers obscured by granulation tissue 4 = Obscured by necrosis 5 = Full thickness skin loss with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis or damage to muscle, bone or supporting structures 3 3 3 3 3
3. Edges  1 = Indistinct, diffuse, none clearly visible 2 = Distinct, outline clearly visible, attached, even with wound base 3 = Well-defined, not attached to wound base 4 = Well-defined, not attached to base, rolled under, thickened 5= Well-defined, fibrotic, scarred or hyperkeratotic 2 2 2 1 1
4.Undermining   1 = None present 2 = Undermining < 2 cm in any area 3 = Undermining 2-4 cm involving < 50% wound margins 4 = Undermining 2-4 cm involving > 50% wound margins 5 = Undermining > 4 cm or Tunnelling in any area 1 1 1 1 1
5.Necrotic Tissue Type   1 = None visible 2 = White/grey non-viable tissue &/or non-adherent yellow slough 3 = Loosely adherent yellow slough 4 = Adherent, soft, black eschar 5 = Firmly adherent, hard, black eschar 3 3 2 2 1
6.Necrotic Tissue Amount   1 = None visible 2 = < 25% of wound bed covered 3 = 25% to 50% of wound covered 4 = > 50% and < 75% of wound covered 5 = 75% to 100% of wound covered 2 2 2 2 1
7.Exudate Type   1 = None 2 = Bloody 3 = Serosanguineous: thin, watery, pale red/pink 4 = Serous: thin, watery, clear 5 = Purulent: thin or thick, opaque, tan/yellow, with or without odour 3 3 1 1 1
8.Exudate Amount   1 = None, dry wound 2 = Scant, wound moist but no observable exudate 3 = Small 4 = Moderate 5 = Large 4 3 2 2 2

9.Skin Colour Surrounding Wound  1 = Pink or normal for ethnic group 2 = Bright red &/or blanches to touch 3 = White or grey pallor or hypopigmented 4 = Dark red or purple &/or non-blanchable 5 = Black or hyperpigmented 1 1 1 1 1
10.Peripheral Tissue Edema 1 = No swelling or edema 2 = non-pitting edema extends < 4 cm around wound 3 = non-pitting edema extends > 4 cm around wound 4 = Pitting edema extends < 4 cm around wound 5 = Crepitus and/or pitting edema extends >4 cm around wound 2 2 1 1 1
11.Peripheral Tissue Induration 1 = None present 2 = Induration, < 2 cm around wound 3 = Induration 2-4 cm extending < 50% around wound 4 = Induration 2-4 cm extending > 50% around wound 5 = Induration > 4 cm in any area around wound 2 1 1 1 1
12.Granulation Tissue   1 = Skin intact or partial thickness wound 2 = Bright, beefy red; 75% to 100% of wound filled &/or tissue overgrowth 3 = Bright, beefy red; < 75% & > 25% of wound filled 4 = Pink, &/or dull, dusky red &/or fills < 25% of wound 5 = No granulation tissue present 3 2 2 2 2
13.Epithelialization   1 = 100% wound covered, surface intact 2 = 75% to <100% wound covered &/or epithelial tissue extends to > 0.5cm into wound bed 3 = 50% to <75% wound covered &/or epithelial tissue extends to <0.5cm into wound bed 4 = 25% to < 50% wound covered 5 = < 25% wounds covered 5 5 5 4 3
Total Score 34 31 26 24 20

Results

Reduction of Symptoms of ulcer was achieved within 14-21 days of Lakshadi Avachoornana and later complete healing was achieved without any other complications.

Discussion

Lakshadi Gana with the properties of Tikta Kashaya Rasa, Laghu Rooksha Guna, Ushna Veerya, Katu Vipaka, Kaphapittahara and Arthi Nashanam is indicated in Dushta Vrana, Kushta and Krimi. Acharya Susrutha has included this Gana in Dravya Sangrahaneeya Adyaya and indicated in Dushta Vrana. In the present situation, due to hampered foot habits and physical exertion, life style disorders are more along with its complications. Lakshadi Avachoornana helps in reducing the symptoms of Dushta Vrana, thereby helps in getting desired

result. Tikta Kashya Rasa helps in promoting healing of wound and it has Pittahara property, thereby helps in reducing the burning sensation.

Due to its Usha Veerya, it helps in Vatashamana, thereby reducing the pain. This Gana also possess, Krimighna, Kushtagna property, hence its Vranasodhana and Ropana nature in Dushta Vrana is highlighted.

Further clinical study is needed to evaluate the effectiveness in larger sample.

Conclusion

Significant relief on symptoms of Dushta Vrana including Poothi Pooya, Srava, Athigandha etc was being observed in the course of treatment. There was better healing and sustained symptomatic relief in this patient with the Lakshadi Avachoornana. Due to its easy and convenient mode of application it makes the procedure significant.

Reference

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