Understanding M‑J‑DMF is vital for several reasons:
| Variable | β (Standardized) | p‑value | |----------|-------------------|----------| | Mother’s physical absence (binary) | 0.42 | < .001 | | Father’s traditional gender role endorsement (TGRS) | 0.31 | .004 | | Daughter’s early caregiving competence (ECCC) | 0.27 | .012 | | Family socioeconomic status (SES) | –0.09 | .31 |
Family systems theory emphasizes interdependence and boundary regulation among members (Bowen, 1978). A father’s perception of his daughter as “mom‑full” often reflects a boundary diffusion where the child’s subsystem (the child) takes on functions of the parental subsystem. Such diffusion can destabilize the system if not compensated by other family adjustments.
RQ2 (Manifestation):
RQ3 (Consequences):
RQ4 (Interventions):
A convergent mixed‑methods design was adopted. Quantitative data quantified the prevalence and impact of the phenomenon; qualitative data provided depth and contextual nuance.
