Winning Eleven 2002 Ps1 Iso English Patch Exclusive May 2026

If playing on original hardware (PS1 or PS2 via backward compatibility):

For emulators (recommended):

Standard patches leave the classic and All-Star teams locked behind cheat codes. The exclusive patch automatically unlocks:

Winning Eleven 2002 with the English patch isn't just a game; it is a time capsule. It represents an era where gameplay mechanics took precedence over licensing deals. Whether you want to relive the Master League grind or experience the tactical depth that made the series famous, this patched ISO is one of the best ways to experience football history on the PS1.


If you search on archive.org or Reddit (r/ROMs, r/WinningEleven), you may find user discussions about preservation copies, but always respect copyright law in your region.

Winning Eleven 2002: The Ultimate PS1 English Patch Guide Released in the final sunset years of the PlayStation 1, World Soccer: Winning Eleven 2002 remains a holy grail for retro football fans. While the original Japanese release was the series' swan song on the 32-bit console, dedicated modding communities have kept it alive through extensive English translation patches and modern roster updates. Why Winning Eleven 2002 Still Matters

Unlike the earlier ISS Pro Evolution titles, Winning Eleven 2002 (WE2002) refined the gameplay mechanics to their absolute peak for the hardware.

Refined Controls: It attempted to bring back "intermediate diagonals" for more fluid 360-degree-style movement.

Master League Perfection: Many fans consider the PS1 Master League in this version to be the most addictive "pure" experience before the series moved to PS2.

Iconic Presentation: The game famously includes licensed tracks by Queen, featuring "We Will Rock You" as the opening theme. Top Exclusive Patches & Features

Because the original game was Japan-exclusive, an ISO patch is essential for international players to navigate menus and identify players. Several "exclusive" fan-made versions have emerged: Patch Name Key Exclusive Features PasionWE Genesis

A total overhaul featuring a unique horizontal main menu, new intro movies, and squads updated with modern stats. Winning Eleven 2002 Deluxe

Focuses on realism, adding official 2002 World Cup advertising boards and authentic kits for iconic classic national teams like Brazil '70. WEID2024 Club Edition

A high-definition mod (within PS1 limits) that updates stadiums, menus, and scoreboards to match the 2024 season. Classic Teams Patch

Replaces modern squads with legendary rosters from the 2000 African Cup of Nations and Euro 2000. How to Play

To experience these patches, you typically need the original Japanese ISO and a patching tool (like PPF-O-Matic) to apply the .ppf file.

This guide is designed to help you locate, patch, and play the Winning Eleven 2002 (PS1)

game with full English translation and updated features, often referred to by fans as the "Deluxe" or "HCK Edition"

. This title is highly regarded as one of the best football games on the PlayStation 1, despite being released in 2002. Why This Game? Final PS1 Chapter:

The last and most refined Winning Eleven for the original PlayStation. English Patch Focus:

These patches translate menus, player names (correcting fake names), and stadiums to English. "Deluxe" Features:

Updated kits (2001-02 season), real tournament logos, improved graphics, and updated rosters. Phase 1: Obtaining the "Exclusive" English Patch Look for " Winning Eleven 2002 Deluxe

This is the definitive fan-made update containing improved translations, kits, and stadium names in English. HCK Edition

Another popular version known for unlocking secret teams and players. Community Resources:

Search in fan communities like r/WEPES on Reddit or look for community-maintained "WE2002 ISO" files, often in Portuguese or Spanish, that contain the English translation patch. Download Locations:

These are usually found on gaming forums, YouTube descriptions (e.g., search "Winning Eleven 2002 PSX - WEID2024 Club Edition"), or specialized retro gaming archive sites. Phase 2: Patching the ISO (If Needed) If you have a raw Japanese ISO and a separate patch file ( ), follow these steps: Download Tools: PPF-O-Matic IPS Patcher Prepare Files: Winning Eleven 2002 (J).iso patch file ready. Apply Patch:

Open PPF-O-Matic, select your ISO file, select the patch file, and click "Apply". The resulting ISO should be in English. Phase 3: Playing the Game On PS1 Emulator (PC/Android): DuckStation Load the patched

Set the graphics settings to high resolution for better visuals. On Original Hardware: Burn the ISO to a CD-R at low speed (e.g., 4x or 8x) using Requires a modded PS1 or a Swap Magic Frequently Asked Questions Is it in full English?

The menus and player names are usually translated. However, some patches may still have limited Japanese text in less-used menus, as noted in community discussions. Are club teams included?

Many English-patched versions, especially the "Deluxe" versions, replace national teams with European clubs, allowing for Champions League-style tournaments. What is the "Orange" issue?

In the original, the Dutch team was named "Oranges" due to licensing issues. The English patch fixes this. Can I update it further?

Yes, there are newer 2024/2025 "WEID" community patches available from creators like RF93 on YouTube that bring the game up to current season standards.

Disclaimer: This guide is intended for educational purposes on how to use fan-translated software. Always own a legal copy of the original Japanese game.

World Soccer Winning Eleven 2002 Deluxe - HCK Edition [ PS1 ]

I think I have a story for you!

For those who may not know, Winning Eleven 2002 is a classic soccer video game developed by Konami, released in 2001 for the PlayStation 1 (PS1). The game was known for its realistic gameplay, simple yet addictive controls, and authentic soccer experience.

Now, let's dive into the story.

It was the early 2000s, and soccer (or football, depending on your region) was gaining massive popularity worldwide. The game Winning Eleven 2002 had just been released in Japan, and fans worldwide were eagerly waiting for an English version.

Meanwhile, a group of passionate gamers and translators, known as " PatchDev," had been working on an exclusive English patch for the game. Their goal was to translate the entire game into English, making it accessible to players who didn't speak Japanese.

The team spent countless hours meticulously translating in-game text, menus, and commentary. They worked tirelessly to ensure that the patch was not only accurate but also preserved the original game's feel and atmosphere.

After months of hard work, PatchDev finally released their English patch for Winning Eleven 2002. The patch was a massive hit among gamers, who could now experience the game in English.

One player, let's call him "Euros04," was particularly excited about the patch. He had been waiting for an English version of the game since its release in Japan and was thrilled to finally be able to play it with English commentary.

Euros04 downloaded the patch and applied it to his PS1 ISO of Winning Eleven 2002. He launched the game, and as he entered the main menu, he was greeted with English text and commentary. The game felt brand new to him, and he spent hours playing through the various modes, including the Master League. winning eleven 2002 ps1 iso english patch exclusive

The patch was a game-changer (pun intended) for Euros04 and many other players. It allowed them to fully immerse themselves in the game, understanding the commentary, player names, and team details.

The English patch for Winning Eleven 2002 became legendary among gamers, and PatchDev's work was widely praised. The team's dedication and passion had brought the game to a wider audience, and their work inspired other gamers to create similar patches for other games.

To this day, the English patch for Winning Eleven 2002 remains a cherished memory for many gamers who played the game back in the day. It showcases the power of community-driven projects and the impact that a group of dedicated individuals can have on the gaming world.

Do you have any personal connections to Winning Eleven 2002 or PatchDev's English patch? I'd love to hear your story!

The Ultimate Return: Winning Eleven 2002 PS1 English Patch Exclusive

For many, the original PlayStation wasn't just a console; it was a cathedral of football. While the West had Pro Evolution Soccer 2

, hardcore fans knew the real magic happened in the Japanese-exclusive release of World Soccer Winning Eleven 2002

. Even decades later, the community continues to refine this masterpiece, and today we’re diving deep into why the English Patch ISO

remains the definitive way to experience the pinnacle of 32-bit football. The Legend of Winning Eleven 2002

Released in October 2002, this was Konami's "swan song" for the PS1. It refined everything from its predecessors, offering a gameplay experience that many argue is faster and more responsive than its PS2 siblings. Refined Gameplay: Unlike the clunkier movement of earlier titles,

introduced sharper turns and lightning-fast reactions to tackles. Tactical Depth: The fan-favorite Master League

mode was expanded, allowing for deeper strategic management and team building. The Content:

It featured updated rosters from the 2002 World Cup era, including new teams like Senegal and Costa Rica. Why the English Patch is Essential

Because the original was a Japan-only release, the menus and player names were entirely in Japanese. This led to a massive community effort to create high-quality English patches that unlocked the game for a global audience. Key Features of Modern English Patches (Deluxe Editions): Translated T-Names:

Every national team and stadium name is fully translated into English. Authentic Branding:

Many patches, like the "Deluxe" versions, add official tournament logos (e.g., Korea/Japan 2002, UEFA Euro 2000) and real-world advertising boards. Iconic Kits:

Patch creators have redesigned national kits to match their 2002 counterparts and even included Classic Team kits like Brazil ’70 and Netherlands ’74. Unlocked Secrets:

Exclusive patches often come with "Master League" boosts (like max points or 99 transfers) and pre-unlocked secret teams. How to Experience It Today

Whether you’re playing on original hardware or a modern emulator, there are several ways to get back on the pitch: Emulation: The game shines on emulators like DuckStation

, where you can use "HDMI" upgrades to enhance the visual experience far beyond the original hardware's capabilities. Patched ISOs:

While the original Japanese disc is rare, enthusiasts often look for pre-patched ISOs that integrate community translations and roster updates. Classic Hardware:

For the purists, playing on a modded PS1 or PSone remains the gold standard for that authentic CRT feel. Beyond the Basics: Community Mods The modding scene for

is still incredibly active. You can find "World Cup 2022" patches, classic season mods from the mid-2000s, and even regional versions for South American or East Asian leagues. Download Game Ps1 Winning Eleven 2002 English Iso

Winning Eleven 2002 remains the undisputed king of soccer on the original PlayStation, representing the pinnacle of Konami’s technical achievement before the series transitioned fully into the Pro Evolution Soccer era [5]. While the original Japanese release is legendary for its fluid gameplay and deep "Master League," the language barrier has long been a hurdle for Western fans.

The Winning Eleven 2002 PS1 ISO English Patch Exclusive is the definitive way to experience this masterpiece today, offering a fully translated interface, updated rosters, and the nostalgic charm of 32-bit football [3, 4]. The Legacy of Winning Eleven 2002

Released in late 2002, this title was Konami’s "swan song" for the PS1. While the PS2 was already gaining ground, the developers poured every ounce of power into this version. It features:

Refined Ball Physics: A noticeable leap over ISS Pro Evolution 2, with more realistic deflections and shooting trajectories.

Iconic Animations: Player movements, from sliding tackles to victory celebrations, are smoother than any other soccer game on the system [5].

The Master League: The addictive club-building mode that defined a generation of sports gaming. Why You Need the English Patch Exclusive

The original Japanese ISO is menus-heavy, making tactical adjustments and Master League negotiations difficult for non-Japanese speakers. This exclusive English patch does more than just translate text; it often includes:

Complete Menu Translation: Every setting, from formation tweaks to memory card management, is in English [3].

Corrected Player Names: Replaces the classic "licensed-adjacent" names with their real-world 2002 counterparts (e.g., changing "Rondald" to "Ronaldo") [4].

Updated Commentary: Some exclusive patches even integrate English commentary cues or stadium chants to enhance the atmosphere. How to Use the Winning Eleven 2002 ISO

To play this classic on modern hardware (PC, Android, or handheld consoles like the Miyoo Mini), you generally follow these steps:

The ISO File: You must own the original disc to create a legal backup ISO of Winning Eleven 2002.

Applying the Patch: Most patches come in .xdelta or .ppf format. You use a tool like DeltaPatcher to apply the English data to your Japanese ISO [3, 4].

Emulation: Use a trusted emulator like DuckStation or ePSXe. For the best experience, enable "PGXP" settings in DuckStation to reduce polygon jitter and make the game look crisp in 1080p. Conclusion: The Ultimate Retro Football Experience

Whether you are a veteran looking to relive the glory days of the 2002 World Cup era or a curious gamer exploring the roots of modern football sims, the Winning Eleven 2002 PS1 ISO English Patch is an essential download. It bridges the gap between classic arcade fun and deep tactical simulation.

The legacy of World Soccer Winning Eleven 2002 on the PlayStation 1 (PS1) is a unique chapter in sports gaming history. While the series had already transitioned to the PlayStation 2 by 2001, Konami released this final PS1 installment in Japan as a swan song for the hardware. The "English patch exclusive" phenomenon surrounding this title represents a bridge between eras, where dedicated fans transformed a Japanese-only release into an accessible, globally-loved simulation that many consider the definitive PS1 football experience. The Technical Peak of PS1 Football Winning Eleven 2002 is often viewed as the engine of Pro Evolution Soccer 2

refined for the aging PS1. It introduced a faster gameplay pace, sharper turns, and quicker reaction times compared to its predecessors. Graphical Refinements

: The Japanese version featured improved graphics and engine performance over previous Western releases like ISS Pro Evolution 2 Enhanced Animation

: Despite the 32-bit limitations, the game achieved smooth animations and collision detection that felt modern for its time. Gameplay Mechanics If playing on original hardware (PS1 or PS2

: It featured effective one-two passes, chip shots, and a revised "intermediate diagonal" running system that aimed for more fluid player movement. The Role of Fan Translations and "Exclusive" Patches

Because Winning Eleven 2002 was exclusive to the Japanese market, the "English patch" became essential for international fans. These community-driven ISO patches did more than just translate menus; they often "unlocked" the game’s true potential by adding features Konami could not include due to licensing. bats94's Review of World Soccer Winning Eleven 2002

You're looking for a piece related to "Winning Eleven 2002" on the PS1 with an English patch. Here's some information and a brief write-up:

Winning Eleven 2002: A Soccer Game Classic

Released in 2001 for the PlayStation 1 (PS1), "Winning Eleven 2002: World Soccer" (known as "Hot-Blooded Liberty" in Japan) is a soccer simulation game developed and published by Konami. The game is part of the popular "Winning Eleven" series, known for its realistic gameplay, simple controls, and addictive features.

The Game

In "Winning Eleven 2002," players manage and control their favorite soccer teams through various modes, including Friendlies, League, and Tournament. The game features real-world teams, players, and stadiums, providing an authentic soccer experience.

English Patch

For players who don't speak Japanese, an English patch is available, making the game more accessible. The patch translates in-game text, menus, and commentary into English, allowing a broader audience to enjoy the game.

Exclusive Features

The PS1 version of "Winning Eleven 2002" boasts several exclusive features:

Legacy and Impact

"Winning Eleven 2002" received positive reviews for its engaging gameplay, detailed graphics, and rich soccer experience. The game contributed to the popularity of the soccer genre and helped establish the "Winning Eleven" series as a major player in the sports gaming market.

Downloading the ISO and Patch

If you're interested in playing "Winning Eleven 2002" with an English patch, you can search for the PS1 ISO file and corresponding patch online. However, be sure to only download from reputable sources to avoid any potential risks.

Would you like to know more about the gameplay mechanics or perhaps the real-world teams and players featured in the game? Or maybe you'd like some tips on how to download and play the game with an English patch? Let me know!


You're looking for information on a classic game!

"Winning Eleven 2002" is a soccer simulation game developed by Konami, and it's indeed a popular title among gamers, especially those who enjoy classic sports games.

The game was initially released in Japan as "Winning Eleven 2002: Final Ver." in 2001 for the PlayStation 1 (PS1) console. Later, it was released in other regions as "Pro Evolution Soccer 2" (in Europe) or simply "Winning Eleven 2002" (in some countries).

An English patch for the game would have made it more accessible to players who aren't fluent in Japanese, allowing them to enjoy the game with translated text and potentially updated gameplay features.

You're likely searching for a PS1 ISO file with an English patch, which would allow you to play the game on an emulator or potentially on a physical PS1 console with a modded device.

If you're looking to download a PS1 ISO file, please be aware that:

If you're interested in playing classic games like "Winning Eleven 2002," you might also want to explore:

The nostalgia for the PlayStation 1 (PS1) era is stronger than ever, and at the heart of that golden age for football fans is World Soccer Winning Eleven 2002

. While the original Japanese release was legendary for its gameplay, the language barrier often kept Western fans from fully diving into the Master League.

The good news? The modding community has perfected several "Exclusive English Patches" that transform this classic into a fully playable, modern retro experience. Here is a look at why this specific ISO patch is a must-have for your retro gaming collection. Why the WE2002 English Patch is a Game-Changer

The "Exclusive English Patch" isn't just a simple translation of the menus. High-quality mods, like the Winning Eleven 2002 Deluxe or the WEID2024 Club Edition , overhaul the entire presentation:

Total Translation: Menus, player names, and stadium names are converted into English.

Redesigned Graphics: Modern patches include high-definition (HD) stadium skins, official 2002 World Cup ad boards, and redesigned kits based on the 2001-02 season.

Classic Content: Unlock iconic classic national teams with their legendary 1970–1990 kits (like Brazil '70 or Argentina '86).

Master League Fixes: Enjoy 99 transfers and maxed-out points in the Master League to build your dream team without the grind. Top Versions to Look For

Depending on whether you want a "pure" 2002 experience or a modern roster update, there are two main paths: Patch Version

Winning Eleven 2002 (PS1) – English Patch Exclusive Winning Eleven 2002 (WE2002) remains the pinnacle of 32-bit soccer. Released exclusively in Japan for the PlayStation 1, it was the final refinement of the engine that paved the way for the legendary Pro Evolution Soccer series. While the original release is legendary for its gameplay, the language barrier has long been a hurdle—until now.

This exclusive English Patch ISO transforms the Japanese classic into a fully accessible masterpiece, localized for the global community. 🏆 Why Winning Eleven 2002?

WE2002 is often cited as the "Gold Standard" of PS1 football. It refined the physics of PES 2 and added a level of fluidity that many fans argue feels better than early PS2 entries. It features the iconic 2002 World Cup rosters, legendary Master League progression, and the "Umbro" era aesthetic that defines retro gaming. 🛠️ Patch Features & Enhancements

This exclusive English translation goes beyond simple menu text. It is a comprehensive overhaul designed to make the game feel like a native Western release:

100% Translated Menus: Every mode—from Master League and Exhibition to the complex Training and Edit modes—is now in clear English.

Localized Player Names: No more deciphering Katakana. All player names for National and Club teams have been converted to the Latin alphabet.

Updated UI Graphics: Graphical assets and icons have been polished to fit the English text layouts without clipping or glitches.

Authentic Commentary: While the iconic Japanese commentary remains for atmosphere, key HUD elements and play-by-play text triggers are now aligned with English terminology.

Original Gameplay Intact: No "cheats" or physics mods—this is the pure, unadulterated WE2002 experience exactly as Konami intended, just readable. 🎮 How to Play

To enjoy this localized classic, you will need a PS1 emulator (like DuckStation or ePSXe) or a modded original console. If you search on archive

Format: The file is provided as a pre-patched ISO/BIN/CUE image.

Compatibility: Works seamlessly on PC, Android, and handheld retro consoles (RG35XX, Miyoo Mini, etc.).

Master League: Start your journey with the default "Castolo and Minanda" crew and build a dynasty in a language you actually understand. 📥 The Verdict

The Winning Eleven 2002 English Patch is a love letter to soccer fans. It rescues one of the greatest sports games ever made from regional exclusivity, allowing a new generation to experience the tactical depth and "one-more-match" addiction of the Master League.

Relive the 2002 era. Master the pitch. Score the winning goal.

Relive the Legend: Winning Eleven 2002 PS1 English Patch Exclusive

For fans of the golden era of soccer gaming, few titles carry as much weight as World Soccer Winning Eleven 2002

. Originally a Japan-exclusive release for the PlayStation 1, this game captured the electric atmosphere of the Korea-Japan World Cup. Today, thanks to the dedicated fan community at sites like ROMhacking.net and CDRomance, you can experience this masterpiece fully translated with an exclusive English patch. Why Winning Eleven 2002 Still Reigns Supreme

Released in April 2002, this was the final Pro Evolution Soccer (PES) installment for the original PlayStation. It represents the pinnacle of 32-bit soccer simulation, offering a faster pace and sharper controls than its predecessors. Key Features of the English Patched Version:

Complete Translation: Navigable menus, options, and player names are converted from Japanese to English.

Massive Roster: 54 national teams, each featuring 32 squad members with accurate 2002–03 season data.

Master League Depth: Includes 14 additional players for the Master League and revamped kits based on the 2001–02 season.

Authentic World Cup Vibes: Features the official Adidas Fevernova match ball and 2002 World Cup advertising boards.

Iconic Commentary: Enjoy the classic voices of Peter Brackley and Trevor Brooking. Unlockables and Secrets

The patch maintains the original's deep progression system. By winning the World Cup with different regional teams, you can unlock:

Hidden All-Star Teams: Unlock the All-Americas, All-European, All-Asian, and All-African teams for friendly matches.

Classic National Kits: Redesigned kits based on iconic squads like Brazil '70 and Argentina '86.

Legendary Players: Unlock 7 hidden teams as you progress through various game modes. How to Play Today

The English-patched ISO is widely used on original hardware via modchips or through modern emulation on PC and mobile. PSX Patches - W - ConsoleCopyWorld

Table_content: header: | Game | Ver | Size | Grp | row: | Game: Wacky Race PAL/NTSC Selector | Ver: EURO PAL | Size: 514 KB | Grp: ConsoleCopyWorld

World Soccer: Winning Eleven 2002 represents the final, polished chapter of Konami's football legacy on the original PlayStation. While the industry was shifting to the PlayStation 2 at the time, this release became a cult classic, cherished for its fluid animation, tactical depth, and the dedicated modding community that continues to support it through exclusive English patches and seasonal updates. The Pinnacle of PS1 Football Winning Eleven 2002

pushed the aging PS1 hardware to its limits, offering features that felt ahead of its time:

Fluid Gameplay: The game introduced sharper turns, quicker reactions to tackles, and a "Max Speed" mode that surpassed its predecessors.

Tactical Control: Players could adjust pressing intensity, defensive lines, and attacking mentalities in real-time, making every match a "battle of wits".

Iconic Master League: This mode became an "odyssey," where players grew attached to a squad of unknown athletes while strategically signing global superstars. The Role of English Patches and ISO Mods

Because the original release was exclusive to Japan, English patches became essential for international fans. These community-driven ISOs did more than just translate menus; they transformed the game into a comprehensive "licensed" version:

The Quest for the Ultimate Soccer Experience: Winning Eleven 2002 on PS1

It was the early 2000s, and soccer games were all the rage. Fans of the beautiful game were spoiled for choice, with popular titles like FIFA and Pro Evolution Soccer vying for their attention. But among the sea of options, one game stood out: Winning Eleven 2002.

Developed by Konami, Winning Eleven 2002 was the latest installment in the popular series, known for its realistic gameplay, authentic teams, and addictive gameplay. For gamers in the know, Winning Eleven 2002 was the ultimate soccer experience.

But there was a catch: the game was only available in Japanese, which made it a rare gem for English-speaking gamers. The game's popularity had spawned a dedicated community of fans, who worked tirelessly to create an English patch.

Enter our hero, a determined gamer named Alex, who had heard whispers of the elusive English patch for Winning Eleven 2002. Alex had grown up playing soccer games and was desperate to experience the magic of Winning Eleven 2002 for himself.

After months of searching, Alex finally stumbled upon a forum post mentioning an exclusive English patch for the game. The patch, created by a team of skilled gamers and translators, was said to be the holy grail for Winning Eleven 2002 enthusiasts.

With the patch in hand, Alex carefully downloaded it and applied it to his PS1 copy of Winning Eleven 2002. As he booted up the game, his heart racing with anticipation, he was greeted by a familiar menu – but this time, in English.

The game was a revelation. The controls were tight, the graphics were crisp, and the gameplay was addictively realistic. Alex spent hours playing through matches, experimenting with different teams and tactics.

As news of the English patch spread, Alex's fellow gamers began to take notice. Soon, online forums and chat rooms were abuzz with excitement, as gamers shared their experiences and strategies for Winning Eleven 2002.

The game's popularity soared, and it became a staple of gaming communities worldwide. For Alex and his fellow gamers, Winning Eleven 2002 was more than just a game – it was a shared passion, a symbol of the power of community and determination.

To this day, the English patch for Winning Eleven 2002 remains a cherished relic of gaming history, a testament to the dedication of gamers and developers alike. And for those who were lucky enough to experience it, Winning Eleven 2002 on PS1 remains an unforgettable gaming experience.

Download the ISO and English Patch:

For those who want to relive the magic, the Winning Eleven 2002 PS1 ISO and English patch are still available for download online. Just be sure to search for a reputable source to ensure a safe and smooth gaming experience.

So, what are you waiting for? Join the ranks of the Winning Eleven 2002 elite and experience the ultimate soccer game for yourself!

This content is structured to be engaging for retro gaming enthusiasts, explaining the history of the game, the significance of the English patch, and how it fits into the legacy of the Pro Evolution Soccer series.


In the vanilla Japanese version, Master League saves would corrupt after 5 seasons if you had Japanese system settings. The exclusive patch injects a Western save structure, allowing you to play 20+ seasons without crashes.